You are given an integer array nums and an integer k. You are asked to distribute this array into k subsets of equal size such that there are no two equal elements in the same subset.
A subset's incompatibility is the difference between the maximum and minimum elements in that array.
Return the minimum possible sum of incompatibilities of the k subsets after distributing the array optimally, or return -1 if it is not possible.
A subset is a group integers that appear in the array with no particular order.
Example 1:
Input: nums = [1,2,1,4], k = 2
Output: 4
Explanation: The optimal distribution of subsets is [1,2] and [1,4].
The incompatibility is (2-1) + (4-1) = 4.
Note that [1,1] and [2,4] would result in a smaller sum, but the first subset contains 2 equal elements.
Example 2:
Input: nums = [6,3,8,1,3,1,2,2], k = 4
Output: 6
Explanation: The optimal distribution of subsets is [1,2], [2,3], [6,8], and [1,3].
The incompatibility is (2-1) + (3-2) + (8-6) + (3-1) = 6.
Example 3:
Input: nums = [5,3,3,6,3,3], k = 3
Output: -1
Explanation: It is impossible to distribute nums into 3 subsets where no two elements are equal in the same subset.
Constraints:
1 <= k <= nums.length <= 16
nums.length is divisible by k
1 <= nums[i] <= nums.length
Solution:
class Solution {
public int minimumIncompatibility(int[] nums, int k) {
// m = nums.length / k
// the incompatibility of bitmask b, if b represents a valid subset of size m
int n = nums.length, m = n / k;
Map<Integer, Integer> subsetRes = calc(nums, m);
Integer[] dp = new Integer[1 << n];
dp[0] = 0;
for (int i = 1; i < (1 << n); i ++) {
if (Integer.bitCount(i) % m != 0) continue;
for (int j = i; j > 0; j = i & (j - 1)) {
if (!subsetRes.containsKey(j)) continue;
if (dp[i - j] == null) continue;
if (dp[i] == null) dp[i] = subsetRes.get(j) + dp[i - j];
else dp[i] = Math.min(dp[i], subsetRes.get(j) + dp[i - j]);
}
}
return dp[(1 << n) - 1] == null ? -1 : dp[(1 << n) - 1];
}
private Map<Integer, Integer> calc(int[] nums, int m) {
int n = nums.length;
Map<Integer, Integer> res = new HashMap();
for (int i = 1; i < (1 << n); i ++) {
if (Integer.bitCount(i) != m) continue;
int max = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
int min = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
int set = 0;
boolean noRepeat = true;
for (int j = 0; j < n; j ++) {
if ((i & (1 << j)) > 0) {
int val = nums[j];
if ((set & (1 << val)) > 0) {
noRepeat = false;
break;
}
max = Math.max(max, val);
min = Math.min(min, val);
set |= (1 << val);
}
}
if (noRepeat) res.put(i, max - min);
}
return res;
}
}