Find Mode in Binary Search Tree

Given a binary search tree (BST) with duplicates, find all the mode(s) (the most frequently occurred element) in the given BST.

Assume a BST is defined as follows:

 

For example:
Given BST [1,null,2,2],

   1
    \
     2
    /
   2

 

return [2].

Note: If a tree has more than one mode, you can return them in any order.

Follow up: Could you do that without using any extra space? (Assume that the implicit stack space incurred due to recursion does not count).

Solution:

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode() {}
 *     TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
 *     TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
 *         this.val = val;
 *         this.left = left;
 *         this.right = right;
 *     }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    private int currVal;
    private int currCount = 0;
    private int maxCount = 0;
    private int modeCount = 0;
    
    private int[] modes;
    
    public int[] findMode(TreeNode root) {
        inorder(root);
        modes = new int[modeCount];
        modeCount = 0;
        currCount = 0;
        inorder(root);
        return modes;
    }

    private void handleValue(int val) {
        if (val != currVal) {
            currVal = val;
            currCount = 0;
        }
        currCount++;
        if (currCount > maxCount) {
            maxCount = currCount;
            modeCount = 1;
        } else if (currCount == maxCount) {
            if (modes != null)
                modes[modeCount] = currVal;
            modeCount++;
        }
    }
    
    private void inorder(TreeNode root) {
        if (root == null) return;
        inorder(root.left);
        handleValue(root.val);
        inorder(root.right);
    }
}